《2022芯片与科学法》对我国集成电路产业的影响和建议
2022年电子技术应用第9期
朱 晶1,2
1.北京国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100055;2北京半导体行业协会,北京100191
摘要: 集成电路是关系国民经济和社会发展的基础性、先导性和战略性产业。当前,国际环境日趋复杂,百年变局和世纪疫情相互交织,中美之间持续升级的大国博弈和不断深化的利益脱钩对全球集成电路产业链格局产生了深远影响。近日美国出台《2022芯片与科学法》并联手日本、韩国等组建“四方芯片联盟”,构建“围堵”中国的“统一战线”,试图将中国集成电路产业孤立在全球供应链体系之外。通过梳理美国在科技立法上的历史沿革和主要特点,以及《2022芯片与科学法》在集成电路领域的最新战略部署,对由此带来的全球集成电路产业格局新变化以及对我国的影响进行研判,并提出相关发展建议。
中图分类号: F062.9;F49
文献标识码: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223253
中文引用格式: 朱晶. 《2022芯片与科学法》对我国集成电路产业的影响和建议[J].电子技术应用,2022,48(9):32-38.
英文引用格式: Zhu Jing. The impact and suggestions of the“CHIPS and Science Act of 2022”on China′s IC industry[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(9):32-38.
文献标识码: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223253
中文引用格式: 朱晶. 《2022芯片与科学法》对我国集成电路产业的影响和建议[J].电子技术应用,2022,48(9):32-38.
英文引用格式: Zhu Jing. The impact and suggestions of the“CHIPS and Science Act of 2022”on China′s IC industry[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(9):32-38.
The impact and suggestions of the “CHIPS and Science Act of 2022” on China′s IC industry
Zhu Jing1,2
1.Beijing International Engineering Consulting Company,Beijing 100055,China; 2.Beijing Semiconductor Industry Association,Beijing 100191,China
Abstract: Integrated circuits are the basic, leading and strategic industries related to national economic and social development. At present, the international environment is becoming more and more complex, and the changes in the century and the epidemic of the century are intertwined. The continuous escalating game between major powers and the deepening decoupling of interests between China and the United States has had a profound impact on the global integrated circuit industry chain. Recently, the United States introduced the “CHIPS and Science Act of 2022”, and joined hands with Japan, South Korea to form a “Quartet Chip Alliance” to build a “united front” to “contain” China, attempts to isolate China′s integrated circuit industry from the global supply chain system. By sorting out the historical evolution and main characteristics of the United States in science and technology legislation, as well as the latest strategic deployment of the “Chip and Science Act of 2022” in the field of integrated circuits, this article provides insights into the resulting new changes in the global integrated circuit industry, as well as its impact on China′s impact, and put forward relevant development suggestions.
Key words : integrated circuits;CHIPS and Science Act of 2022;supply chain
0 引言
当前,我国进入新时代新发展阶段,正逢世界处于百年未有之大变局。随着我国在高科技领域逐步崛起,以美国为首的先进国家对中国采取制裁、脱钩、遏制等一系列打压手段,试图推进全球产业链重构“去中国化”,集成电路产业首当其冲。美国对外不断采取“小院高墙”政策遏制中国集成电路领域关键科技进步,同时拉拢盟友组建“四方芯片联盟”;对内强推《2022芯片与科学法》[1],试图通过大额度的投资补贴,引导先进制造等高附加值集成电路产业环节回归本土。一系列“筑墙”“脱钩”的做法,严重扰乱全球集成电路供应链的同时,也使得我国集成电路产业发展面临着严峻的外部竞争形势。在全球集成电路供应链体系深度调整和产业链加快重塑的大趋势下,我们需要认真梳理美国在集成电路领域立法的历史沿革、特点和趋势,也要客观研判当前外部竞争形势下带来的发展挑战,在此基础上,作出我国集成电路产业新发展格局下的应对之策,具有重大的理论意义和现实紧迫性。
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作者信息:
朱 晶1,2
(1.北京国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100055;2北京半导体行业协会,北京100191)
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