遗传基因信息的私人财产性法律保护证成
网络安全与数据治理
邢恩铭
中国社会科学院大学法学院
摘要： 公民的基因权利明确直接地反映并体现并维护人的生命尊严。随着生物技术更新迭代，遗传基因信息作为特殊的敏感个人信息，不仅具有高度识别性，更与个人权益息息相关。我国在遗传基因信息的保护上亟需明晰的法律保护路径。以美国关于遗传基因信息的法治脉络为向导，可以看到《美国宪法第四修正案》（Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution）对公民财产性权益的补正，覆盖遗传基因信息的保护需求。借鉴其他建立在隐私利益基础上的财产权，我国应当通过立法构建遗传基因信息的财产权保护路径，在尊重公民个体生命尊严的基础上为基因科技的革新服务。
中图分类号：D90文献标识码：ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.11.017引用格式：邢恩铭.遗传基因信息的私人财产性法律保护证成［J］.网络安全与数据治理，2024，43（11）：110-115.
The legal protection of the private property nature of genetic information
Xing Enming
School of Law，Chinese Academy of Social Sciences University
Abstract： The genetic rights of citizens clearly and directly reflect, embody, and safeguard human dignity. With the rapid evolution of biotechnology, genetic information, as a special type of sensitive personal data, is not only highly identifiable but also closely related to individual rights and interests. There is an urgent need for a clear legal protection pathway for the protection of genetic information in China. Taking the legal context of genetic information in the United States as a guide, one can see that the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution corrects the property rights of citizens, covering the protection needs of genetic information. Drawing on other property rights based on privacy interests, China should construct a property right protection pathway for genetic information through legislation, serving the innovation of genetic technology on the basis of respecting the dignity of individual citizens′ lives.
Key words : genetic information; legal interests; technological innovation; ethical governance
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