基于IR-UWB的高吞吐量、低延时MAC协议硬件设计
电子技术应用
刘灏,林敏,郑立寅,于泽
上海大学 通信与信息工程学院
摘要: 针对IEEE 802.15.4高速数据传输的应用场景,提出一种具有高吞吐量和低延时特性的定制化MAC协议。基于HRP UWB PHY对数据传输模型和吞吐量深入分析,并结合MAC协议的冲突避免载波侦听多路访问(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoid,CSMA-CA)和保障时隙(Guaranteed Timeslot,GTS)实时传输的特性,设计了该机制有效的管理流程。最后在Vivado中使用Verilog HDL对MAC控制器进行硬件设计和验证。仿真结果表明,与经典IEEE 802.15.4 MAC协议相比,该MAC控制器的吞吐量提高了26%,同时数据传输时延降低了17%。
中图分类号:TN92 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.245170
中文引用格式: 刘灏,林敏,郑立寅,等. 基于IR-UWB的高吞吐量、低延时MAC协议硬件设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2024,50(10):44-50.
英文引用格式: Liu Hao,Lin Min,Zheng Liyin,et al. Hardware design for high throughput, low latency MAC protocol based on IR-UWB[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(10):44-50.
中文引用格式: 刘灏,林敏,郑立寅,等. 基于IR-UWB的高吞吐量、低延时MAC协议硬件设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2024,50(10):44-50.
英文引用格式: Liu Hao,Lin Min,Zheng Liyin,et al. Hardware design for high throughput, low latency MAC protocol based on IR-UWB[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(10):44-50.
Hardware design for high throughput, low latency MAC protocol based on IR-UWB
Liu Hao,Lin Min,Zheng Liyin,Yu Ze
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University
Abstract: For high-speed data transmission in IEEE 802.15.4, a customized MAC protocol with high-throughput and low-latency characteristic is proposed. It is concluded with in-depth analysis of the data transmission model and throughput of HRP UWB PHY, combined with the characteristics of MAC protocol’s Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA-CA) and Guaranteed Timeslot (GTS) for real-time transmission, then the effective management process of the mechanism is designed. Finally, hardware design and verification of the MAC controller is conducted using Verilog HDL in Vivado. Simulation results demonstrate that compared to the classic IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol, the proposed MAC controller improves its throughput by 26% and reduces data transmission latency by 17%.
Key words : IEEE 802.15.4;high-speed data transmission;high-throughput;low-latency;MAC protocol;UWB;Verilog
引言
脉冲无线电超宽带(Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband,IR-UWB)是一种直接利用纳秒脉冲作为载体进行无线电传输的技术,因此UWB信号的持续时间很短,导致超过500 MHz的瞬时带宽和低功率谱密度,使UWB技术相对于传统通信系统在密集多径环境和高数据速率条件下具有显著优势[1-2]。
IEEE 802.15.4标准是一种常见的IR-UWB媒体接入控制(Media Access Control,MAC)协议。信道接入时延是MAC层时延的重要组成部分,由于IEEE 802.15.4 MAC协议采用TDMA与CSMA-CA混合的信道接入方式,会增加时间开销,尤其是在传输大数据量业务时,频繁退避竞争信道产生的时延不能忽略,难以满足低时延需求[3-4]。时隙空闲时间无法被有效利用,还将导致MAC层吞吐量不足。
本文针对大数据量无线传输的应用场景,在IEEE 802.15.4 MAC协议的基础上,通过CSMA-CA算法为传输MAC命令帧竞争信道,利用确认帧快速响应,收发节点切换数据传输速率,从而建立点对点高效直连,为节点传输减少了竞争信道的次数和数据传输时延,利用时隙空闲时间传输增加数据帧数量,从而增加MAC层吞吐量。
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作者信息:
刘灏,林敏,郑立寅,于泽
(上海大学 通信与信息工程学院,上海 200444)
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