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一种片外电容交叉充放电型振荡电路设计
电子技术应用 2023年3期
曹杨,曹振吉,曹靓,赵桂林
(中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所,江苏 无锡 214035)
摘要: CMOS环形振荡器具有版图面积小、调谐范围大、电路简单便于集成等优点,广泛应用于各类电源系统及电子通信应用中。在常规的环形振荡电路基础上,设计了独立的充放电控制通路,实现了一种交叉充放电型环形振荡电路,并通过外接片外电容的方式,得到更低频率的振荡周期。基于0.18 μm工艺,采用HSIM工具对电路进行功能仿真,经过后端物理实现后,版图面积为172 μm×76 μm,对电路进行提参后仿,结果表明:在3.3 V电压及25 ℃条件下,外接10 nF接地电容时,电路获得约1.2 ms的稳定振荡周期。在Vcc=2.7 V~5.5 V、T=-55 ℃~125 ℃条件下,时钟周期的最大偏移为5.83%。该电路已成功应用于某电源控制芯片中。
中图分类号:TN432 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223029
中文引用格式: 曹杨,曹振吉,曹靓,等. 一种片外电容交叉充放电型振荡电路设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2023,49(3):77-81.
英文引用格式: Cao Yang,Cao Zhenji,Cao Liang,et al. An oscillator circuit with cross charge and discharge by off-chip capacitors[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(3):77-81.
An oscillator circuit with cross charge and discharge by off-chip capacitors
Cao Yang,Cao Zhenji,Cao Liang,Zhao Guilin
(The 58th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corp., Wuxi 214035, China)
Abstract: CMOS Ring Oscillator has many advantages such as small layout area, large frequency range and easy integration. It is widely used in the DC-DC buck converter and electronic communication systems. On the basis of the traditional ring oscillator circuit, an independent charge and discharge control path is designed to realize a cross charge and discharge ring oscillator circuit, and a lower frequency oscillation period is obtained by externally connecting an off-chip capacitor. Based on 0.18 μm process, the circuit has been simulated with HSIM tool. After the back-end physical implementation, the layout of the oscillation occupies an area of 172 μm×76 μm. Using tools to extract parasitic parameters from the layout and conduct post-simulation, the simulation results indicates that with externally connecting an off-chip capacitor, and the power supply voltage in 3.3 V and temperature in 25℃, the oscillator has a clock period of 1.2 ms. With the power supply voltage changes in 2.7 V~5.5 V and temperature changes in -55℃~125℃, the frequency deviation is 5.83%.The circuit has been successfully applied in a power management chip.
Key words : ring oscillator;charge and discharge of capacitor;power management chip;clock

0 引言

压控振荡器(Voltage Controlled Oscillator, VCO)作为时钟产生电路,作为各类通信系统的核心组成部分,被广泛应用于锁相环(Phase Locked Loop, PLL)、高速时钟、数模转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC)等多个领域。当前主流的压控振荡器分为LC振荡器和环形振荡器。LC振荡器通常由片上电容、电感和有源器件构成,品质因素较高,显示出良好的相位噪声特性,然而,调谐范围有限、片上电感面积较大、与CMOS工艺兼容困难等问题也成为LC振荡器的关键性缺陷。相比之下,环形振荡器具有调谐范围大、支持多相位输出、占用面积小、电路简单便于集成、成本低等优点,在CMOS工艺、片上系统的快速发展下,成为一种很有吸引力的选择并被广泛应用。

环形振荡器是由多个延迟单元串联形成的闭合环路,其噪声抑制能力较差、受电源电压影响较大,导致产生的振荡周期并不稳定,并不适用于设计高性能环形振荡器。因此,本文提出一种具有独立的充放电通路、频率可调的振荡电路结构,分别由两个不同的电容交叉充放电形成稳定的振荡频率,同时,通过外接纳法级电容,突破集成片内电容约皮法级的大小限制,得到低于1 MHz的较低频率振荡周期。




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作者信息:

曹杨,曹振吉,曹靓,赵桂林

(中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所,江苏 无锡 214035)


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