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风力发电机组高强度螺栓的疲劳预测
电子技术应用
郑启山1,朱少红1,陈长红1,常海青2,晏锡忠1,魏晨曦1
1.福建国电风力发电有限公司,福建 福州 350014;2.厦门理工学院,福建 厦门 361024
摘要: 风力发电机组法兰盘和叶根轮毂处通过高强度螺栓进行连接,大多数风力发电机塔筒发生倒塌就是连接螺栓疲劳所导致的。为了减少此类塔筒倒塌事故的发生,提出了一种新的螺栓疲劳损伤分析和预测方法。针对2.0 MW风力发电机组的高强度连接螺栓,采用超声探头和温度传感器采集螺栓数据,获得螺栓随机应力谱;然后基于雨流计数法和Goodman公式修正应力谱,提取应力循环数据;最后基于螺栓材料S-N曲线和Miner线性累计损伤理论,构建螺栓疲劳预测模型。实验结果表明,所估算的螺栓疲劳损伤远小于螺栓疲劳极限,满足风力发电机组的设计寿命要求。
中图分类号:TM315 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234355
中文引用格式: 郑启山,朱少红,陈长红,等. 风力发电机组高强度螺栓的疲劳预测[J]. 电子技术应用,2024,50(2):48-53.
英文引用格式: Zheng Qishan,Zhu Shaohong,Chen Changhong,et al. Fatigue prediction of high-strength bolts in wind turbines[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(2):48-53.
Fatigue prediction of high-strength bolts in wind turbines
Zheng Qishan 1,Zhu Shaohong1,Chen Changhong1,Chang Haiqing2,Yan Xizhong1,Wei Chenxi1
1.Fujian Guodian Wind Power Generation Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350014, China; 2.Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
Abstract: The flange plate and blade root hub of wind turbines are connected by high-strength bolts, and the collapse of most wind turbine towers is caused by the fatigue of the connecting bolts. In order to reduce the occurrence of such tower collapse accidents, a new method for analyzing and predicting bolt fatigue damage is proposed. For high-strength connecting bolts of 2.0 MW wind turbine generators, ultrasonic probes and temperature sensors are used to collect bolt data and obtain random stress spectra of the bolts. Then the stress spectrum is modified based on the rain flow counting method and Goodman formula, and the stress cycle data are extracted. Finally, based on the S-N curve of bolt material and Miner's linear cumulative damage theory, a bolt fatigue prediction model is constructed. The experimental results show that the estimated bolt fatigue damage is far less than the bolt fatigue limit, which meets the design life requirements of the wind turbine.
Key words : wind turbines;high strength bolts;S-N curve;Miner theory;fatigue prediction

引言

风力发电机组塔筒各段连接处、主轴法兰与轮毂法兰之间、叶根与轮毂之间通常采用高强度螺栓进行连接,螺栓的工作状态直接影响着风电机组整体的运行安全[1]。在风力发电机组的设计寿命中,服役螺栓所承受的交变载荷次数高达次,这些交变载荷的作用会使螺栓产生不同程度的疲劳,当螺栓疲劳损伤累积到一定程度时就会造成螺栓的失效[2]。在我国近几十年风电机组倒塌事故中,螺栓失效引发的事故占比最多[3]。因此,对螺栓疲劳损伤的评估和预测具有重要的工程意义


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作者信息:

郑启山1,朱少红1,陈长红1,常海青2,晏锡忠1,魏晨曦1

1.福建国电风力发电有限公司,福建 福州 350014;2.厦门理工学院,福建 厦门 361024


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