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一种车规LED驱动芯片集成温控电路设计
集成电路应用
杨琨,陶晓峰
上海积塔半导体有限公司
摘要: 针对车载LED驱动高温工况下光衰加剧、传统外置NTC温控存在热滞后、热关断保护易频闪失效等问题,该文基于GTA 0.18 μm BCD车规工艺,设计了一款集成于线性LED驱动芯片的片上闭环模拟温控电路。电路采用紧邻功率管的片上匹配PN结对管采集芯片实时结温,测温区间覆盖-40 ℃~170 ℃;搭建线性功率降额加硬件迟滞热关断两级保护架构;通过TEMP引脚外接电阻可编程调节降流启动阈值。基于PN结-2 mV/℃负温漂特性完成完整增益链路换算,实现输出额定电流约-2%/℃的线性衰减;硬件热关断设置15 ℃固定迟滞窗口(170 ℃关断/155 ℃恢复),芯片电气性能满足AECQ100 Grade 1可靠性规范基础指标约束。流片实测表明,-40 ℃~90 ℃芯片恒流输出无衰减,90 ℃~150 ℃输出电流平滑线性降额以抑制芯片自热累积,170 ℃触发硬件强制关断输出;125 ℃满载稳态工况下可稳定钳位芯片峰值结温,缓解驱动芯片过热衍生的LED瞬时黑屏、长期加速光衰等故障。该方案无需外置热敏器件,可降低整车照明系统BOM硬件成本与PCB布线复杂度。
中图分类号:TN433文献标识码:ADOI:10.19339/j.issn.1674-2583.2026.04.005
中文引用格式:杨琨,陶晓峰. 一种车规LED驱动芯片集成温控电路设计[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(4):26-32.
英文引用格式:Yang Kun, Tao Xiaofeng. Design of an integrated temperaturecontrol circuit for an automotive-grade LED driver chip[J].Application of IC,2026,43(4):26-32.
Design of an integrated temperature-control circuit for an automotive-grade LED driver chip
Yang Kun, Tao Xiaofeng
Shanghai GTA Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
Abstract: To address accelerated lumen depreciation in automotive LED drivers under high-temperature conditions, the thermal lag associated with conventional external NTC-based temperature control, and flicker caused by repeated thermal shutdown and restart, an on-chip closed-loop analog thermal-control circuit integrated into a linear LED driver chip is designed using the GTA 0.18 μm automotive-grade BCD process. A matched on-chip PN-junction pair placed adjacent to the power transistor is used to sense the real-time chip junction temperature over a range of -40 ℃ to 170 ℃. A two-stage protection architecture combining linear power derating with hardware thermal shutdown hysteresis is implemented. The derating onset threshold can be programmed using an external resistor connected to the TEMP pin. Based on the -2 mV/℃ negative temperature coefficient of the PN junction, a complete gain-chain conversion is implemented to achieve an approximately -2%/℃ linear reduction in the rated output current.
Key words : automotive LED driver; on-chip PN junction temperature sensing; linear thermal derating; two-stage over-temperature protection; BCD process

引言

汽车智能化背景下,LED 已取代卤素、氙气灯成为车载照明主流。车载驱动芯片需承受电压扰动、高低温循环、长期满载等严苛条件,热可靠性是设计关键。车灯工作区间为-40 ℃~125 ℃,机舱热量堆积易造成 LED 光衰、芯片热击穿、电容老化等热失效[1-2]。

依据AECQ100 RevJ标准[3],Grade 1等级车规芯片有明确的温度考核规范:器件长期稳态工作的结温上限为125 ℃,短期瞬时峰值耐受结温为150 ℃,芯片必须集成片上温度保护电路,但该温度约束仅为Grade 1认证的基础条件,完整合规性需配套全流程PVT、温循、加速老化等可靠性试验佐证。当前行业主流车载LED温控方案存在显著设计短板:

(1)外置 NTC 测温:其物料成本高、热响应滞后,无法区分芯片与LED的温差,高温导致直接关灯,观感差;

(2)单阈值片内过温保护:仅单一关断阈值,无预降功率过程,易电流频闪、频繁启停,低温测温精度不足[4]。

为此本文提出两级全集成的片上模拟温控电路:采用共中心匹配PN结对管紧贴功率管布局,消除外置测温元件热传导延迟;通过完整的电压-电流增益链路设计实现了可编程线性平滑降额[5-6],以规避高温灯光跳变;配套独立高精度比较器实现带15 ℃迟滞的硬件过热关断,全温控通路采用纯模拟电路实现,规避高温下数字逻辑时序漂移风险;无需外围测温器件,简化PCB设计,提升照明系统整体热稳定性与使用寿命。本文方案与传统方案对比如表1所示。

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作者信息:

杨琨,陶晓峰

(上海积塔半导体有限公司,上海201306)

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